Alanine is a naturally forming chemical found in a variety of foods especially meats. This non essential amino acid is used in the production of protein. It assists the body in metabolizing various components such as glucose and can also play a part in lowering cholesterol. It is suggested that an Alanine supplement be used with people who have a diet low in protein and who may be exposed to adverse effects of a protein deficiency. Alanine is also linked to an increase in the efficacy of the immune system and a reduction of toxins in the system.

Arginine is a non-essential amino acid that is needed by the body for the proper functioning of the liver, skin, joints, and muscles. It helps improve the immune system by increasing the T-lyphocytes output from the thymus gland. Arginine also neutralizes the effects of ammonia and toxic substances by detoxifying the liver. It is beneficial to most athletes particularly body builders because arginine helps in the production of creatine in the body and stimulates the excretion of growth hormones that aids in the development of muscle mass. It also helps improve the metabolism and in fat loss. Arginine also promotes the healing and repair of damaged tissues.

Ascorbic Acid is more commonly known as vitamin C. Vitamin C is well known for its powerful ability to help boost the immune system as well as fight off damage causing free radicals. As an anti-oxidant, Ascorbic acid binds with free radicals, preventing them from damaging cells. This damage can cause early aging and even has been linked to some cancers. By taking ascorbic acid, or vitamin C supplements, you are helping prevent these free-radicals, as well as giving your immune system a boost as well. Vitamin C is integral to cellular metabolism as well and a lack of vitamin C can cause a myriad of issues, including scurvy.

Aspartic Acid is a non-essential amino acid which is bountiful in plant proteins. It can also be produced in the human body from oxaloacetic acid. Some biochemicals that are synthesized from aspartic acid include asparagine, arginine, lysine, methionine, threonine, isoleucine, and a number of nucleotides. Apartic acid is used for stamina, the brain and overall health as it helps the liver by removing excess harmful ammonia and other toxins from the bloodstream. If ammonia enters your circulatory system it can be harm your central nervous system and cause neural and brain disorders. Aspartic acid helps to keep the mind sharp by increasing concentrations of NADH in the brain.

Biotin is essential to cellular metabolism, as it plays an important coenzyme role in the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates and proteins.

Calcium, is a supple gray alkaline earth metal, which is the fifth most abundant element by mass in the Earth's crust. Calcium is also at the fifth most profuse dissolved ion in seawater by both molarities and mass. Calcium is a significant nutrient that we require in our bodies. It has many imperative functions. It helps getting strong teeth and bones and is involved in muscle contractions and blood clotting, The calcium is mainly stored in our teeth and bones. Low calcium level may lead to the bone fractures and in some cases porous bones or osteoporosis, generally in old age. The intake of calcium can drop down the high blood pressure, maintain your heart functions, avert gum disease, prevent colon and rectum cancer, and help blood to clot.

Cholecalciferol is formed when your skin is exposed to sun. Cholecalciferol is a fat soluble naturally occurring form of Vitamin D. It can be taken in supplement form as well especially in countries where sunlight is minimal or if the person is not exposed to sun. It is important for the absorption of calcium and phosphorous. It helps in prevention of fractures, osteoporosis, cancer and high blood pressure. Cholecalciferol supplement helps in treating vitamin D deficiency such as Rickets and Osteomalacia. It’s especially important for pregnant women, post menopausal women and older people as its deficiency can lead to osteoporosis, hip fractures and slows growth of fetus. It can also be fatal to both mother and child and in some cases result in multiple sclerosis at a later stage of the child.

Chromium.

Chromium Polynicotinate is a nutritional supplement designed primarily as nutritional support for certain conditions that are typical for sufferers from diabetes mellitus type 2 or age related diabetes. Recent studies have revealed that supplemented chromium can reduce high blood glucose levels, lowering or eliminating nonenzymatic glycation. Further studies reveal that supplementing chromium polynicotinate can help with depression symptoms as well as reduce systolic blood pressure elevation caused by sucrose. People with chromium deficiencies have trouble maintaining stable blood sugar levels. Chromium polynicotinate can assist in regulating the levels of blood sugar, but it also helps with the control of cholesterol, promote the fat removal process and encourage buildup of lean muscles. For these characteristics it is a popular supplement for body building and any muscle building sports enthusiasts.

Colostrum is rich in antibodies and protects the new born baby against bacteria and viruses. It is also called as baby’s first milk and is good for overall health for all age groups. It helps in improving memory, concentration and builds immune system. It helps in rheumatoid arthritis and other age related problems. It cures lot of diseases such as asthma, chronic fatigue, stress, stroke, temper, thyroid disorders, ulcers, pain, diabetes, gout, influenza, multiple sclerosis, gingivitis and anemia. It speedup the process of healing, reduces allergic symptoms, improve hair growth and sex life. Colostrum helps in fat metabolism and helps in building lean muscle mass as it has a content named IGF-1. Colostrum is used in polio vaccine which helped in preventing polio in children.

Copper is being considered a mineral with immense medical advantages, copper has been used as a supplement in its gluconate form. Copper is one of the most important constituents of the blood and prevents poly – unsaturated fatty acids from turning rancid. Copper also increases the health of the cell membranes and is actively involved in the formation of hemoglobin. Copper Gluconate is instrumental in treating conditions such as irregular beating of the heart, hypoglycemia, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and in lowering the cholesterol levels of the body. Copper Gluconate is known to have side effects and is toxic if taken excessively. In the case of women who are expecting or mothers who are nursing, it is advisable to consult with your docter before taking any Copper based supplements.

Copper Gluconate is the copper salt of D-gluconic acid. Its chemical formula is C12H22CuO14 and Mol. mass is 453.8. Copper gluconate is used in medicine for treatment of common cold, acne vulgaris, hypertension, premature labor, Leishmaniasis and visceral postoperative complications. It is also an active ingredient in Retsyn. It is used as a dietary supplement to metabolize copper to treat copper deficiency. Studies show that copper gluconate if taken in large quantities may be toxic and cause breathing problems, chest pain, stomach upset, and rash or hives.

Creatine Monohydrate is composed of three amino acids I-glycine, I-arginine and I-methionine, Creatine Monohydrate is a metabolite used for supply of energy to the nerve cells and muscles in the human body. In recent times, it has become one of the most effective supplements for bodybuilding. It can help increase lean muscle mass within weeks and enhance the energy reserves in the muscles. Athletes use it for improving their overall performance as creatine is responsible for production of energy in the human body. You can take Creatine Monohydrate supplements in two ways. The first method is known as loading which includes the saturating or loading up of creatine in your muscles. The second method is a more gradual supplementation of Creatine Monohydrate. You can supplement with 5 to 15 grams per day.

Cyanocobalamin or Vitamin B12 is required for the normal functioning and development of the nervous system, blood cells and brain. It’s a water soluble vitamin which is used to elevate mood, improve energy levels and concentration, to boost immune system and in sleeping disorders. Severe deficiency of cyanocobalamin can lead to pernicious anemia. It is also used for lowering high homocysteine levels which may contribute to heart disease, asthma, AIDS, to prevent cervical and other cancers, memory loss, osteoporosis, allergies and skin infections. It also helps to prevent atherosclerosis, multiple sclerosis, and kidney and gum disease. Cyanocobalamin is added in almost all multi-vitamin B complex supplements. Deficiency of cyanocobalamin in infants can lead to megaloblastic anemia, delayed developments and movement disorders. Studies have proved that when used in combination with folic acid, it can prevent heart diseases.

Cystine is a non-essential sulfur containing amino acid. Our body can supply cystine on its own. Cystine is important for vitamin B6 utilization and is a detoxifying agent. It removes toxins absorbed by body through alcohol and smoking and protects body from damage of brain and liver. Cystine increases the level of glutathione, which is a powerful antioxidant and helps in detoxifying harmful toxins in the liver. As Alpha-keratin, the protein that makes up the skin, fingernails and hair contains cystine; it is also used in anti-aging products. It is also useful for faster healing of burns and wounds, for low count of white blood cells and in skin diseases.

D-Calcium Pantothenate- Vitamin B5 also known as panthothenic acid is a water soluble vitamin. D-Calcium Pantothenate is the commercial name for Vitamin B5 and is synthetically derived from pantothenic acid. It is widely used for its effective use to treat acne. It is also used to relieve pain caused by rheumatoid arthritis and to relieve morning stiffness. Deficiency of D-Calcium Pantothenate is rare but can cause nausea, fatigue, headache and skin abnormalities. It plays a key role in the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats to release energy. It is also vital in antibody formation which helps in building immune system and preventing infections.

Di-Calcium Phosphate, also known as calcium monohydrogen phosphate is usually found as a hihydrate. However being a dibasic calcium phosphate, it can thermally be converted to its anhydroius form. Dicalcium phosphate is generally mined from the earth’s crust and may also be known as lime, calcium lime etc. However since di-calcium phosphate is incapable of breaking down completely, it is a poor source of replacing calcium in the bones. Since it contains calcium, Di-calcium phosphate will dissolve in the stomach acid (HCL). However since it is bound to phosphate, it will not be completely soluble. This results in partial dissolution and is insufficient for proper metabolism. This calcium from the di-calcium phosphate could collect in the arteries causing arteriosclerotic heart disease, or it could end up in the tissue making the skin age prematurely etc.

Di-Potassium Phosphate is a water soluble salt commonly used as food additives, fertilizers and as a buffering agent. It basically contains potassium and phosphorus. The human body required di-potassium phosphate to maintain osmotic balance in the interstitial fluid. It is also required for neuron functioning in the brain, for muscle contraction and for electrolyte balance in the body. People suffering from kidney infection or disease must limit their intake of this substance as it the kidney which is responsible for the secretion of potassium and too much of di-potassium phosphate can prove fatal. Di-potassium phosphate is added to soft drinks to give it a sharp flavor and also because it minimizes bacteria and mold growth, which if not will multiply rapidly in a sweet solution. Di-potassium phosphate is present in fruits such as avocadoes, bananas, tomatoes and in orange.

DiGlycerides are widely used in processed foods as emulsifiers. They are glycerol esterified with two fatty acids. It is found in various oils and can also be synthetically produced. It is widely used as emulsifier in foods and in baked foods, ice cream, beverages, shortening, whipped toppings, mayonnaise, margarine, confections and chewing gums. Studies show that diglycerides are associated with weight loss and delaying the progression of renal failure. Diglycerides help in maintaining the texture and consistency of the product. In baked products diglycerides are used in small quantities to retail freshness and moisture. It is also used to keep the ingredients from separating in products such as peanut butter, margarine and salad dressing. In ice creams, it acts as an emulsifier and maintains the right viscosity and keep the texture smooth, creamy and in frozen state. Diglycerides are listed as Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) by Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Ferrous Fumarate is the iron salt of furmaric acid. It occurs as a reddish-orange powder commonly known as Iron (II) fumarate. Its chemical formula is C4H2FeO4. As the formula shows, ferrous fumarate contains Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and iron, but it is commonly used in supplements to fulfill the deficiency of iron because it contains 32.87% by weight, which means that 300 mg of ferrous fumarate contains approx 105 mg of iron. Iron deficiency in human beings can lead to iron deficiency anemia and other diseases; however, its intake also needs to be regulated because human body has no physiological means of excreting iron.

Folic Acid is really a family of several complex chemicals, but is generally referred to as one substance. It is present in all green leaved vegetables.

Glutamic Acid is an excitatory neurotransmitter, which enhances firing of neurons in central nervous system. Glutamic acid is a main excitatory neurotransmitter in brain and spinal caord. It is transformed either into glutamine or gamma-aminobutyric acid – the two other amino acids which assist in transmitting messages to brain. Glutamic acid plays a vital role in metabolism of fats and sugars, and assists in transporting potassium into spinal fluid and across the blood-brain barrier. Though it doesn’t cross the blood-brain barrier as readily as is done by glutamine, it is present in blood at high levels and may reach the brain in small amounts. The brain can utilize glutamic acid as a fuel. It assists in correcting personality disorders and is helpful in treating childhood behavioral disorders. It is also used in treating mental retardation, epilepsy, ulcers, muscular dystrophy, and hypoglycemic coma.

Glutamine Peptides are a combination of two amino acids that are chemically combined. It is L-glutamine commonly bonded together with either L-alanine or L-glycine. Unlike amino acids, it is absorbed and transported through the system faster. Glutamine Peptides plays an important role in protein synthesis and improved protein metabolism. It prevents the breakdown of muscle, and helps in faster recovery of muscles after strenuous workout. It also helps in repairing and building of lean muscles. It increases the secretion of growth hormone levels that helps in metabolising body fat and formation of new muscles. Glutamine Peptides also help in improving the immune system.

Glycine is an amino acid acting as a transmitter of the nerve impulses. It reduces the spinal nerves action by supplying skeletal muscles. Glycine tastes sweet and is hence added to soft drinks so that it masks the aftertaste of saccharin bitterness. This is an organic compound and is found in animal proteins. Glycine takes active participation in the free state in many significant reactions such as the biosynthesis of heme which is indeed one the important constituents of hemoglobin. The glycine defects in metabolism are rare. This acid is however not essential as diet as it can be available from other substances to the body. This was the foremost acid to get isolated from protein. Glycine is employed in pharmaceutical applications. Glycine is sold as United States Pharmacopeia as well as technical grade. However, the USP grade has diverse uses. The technical grade may sometime not reach the standards or USP grade, but is widely used in industrial applications for metal finishing.

Histidine is an amino acid that is essential especially in infants. The adult body produces this amino acid naturally and thus it becomes a non-essential acid. However in the case of infants this is not true. This vitamin is extremely important and children may not have sufficient Histidine. The Histidine is an originator of the Histamine which is a compound that is release by the human immune system when an allergic reaction takes place. This is also essential for the repair and growth of new tissues and helps to maintain myelin sheaths (the protectors of the nerve cells). Histidine is also needed for the production of the red and white blood cells.

Hydrolyzed Whey Protein is the biologically available protein in the market and is the first choice for athletes. It can be very easily absorbed and easy to utilize. Hydrolyzed whey protein started its popularity with body builders and athletes, but has become popular as an aid for lots of health concerns. Many studies in rodents suggest that hydrolyzed whey protein may possess anti-cancer or anti-inflammatory properties. Yet, human data is absent, the effects of hydrolyzed whey protein on human being health are of big interest and are presently being investigated as the way of reducing disease risks and as the possible extra treatment for many diseases.

Iodine, a necessary element used by the body to make the thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine. These Thyroid hormones are needed to maintain a healthy metabolic rate and cellular metabolism.

Iron is a necessary mineral for humans, needed for example to help form red blood cells which transport oxygen around the body. Fortunately there are plenty of good sources available for both the omnivore and the vegetarian or vegan These include liver, meat, beans, nuts, dried fruit , also whole grains and many of dark green leafy vegetables, although some such as spinach also contain substances that prevent the absorption of iron as do caffeine based drinks such as tea and coffee. On the other hand the drinking of fluids containing vitamin C aids the body in its necessary task of absorbing iron.

Isoleucine- An important essential amino acid is isoleucine which is also part of the three “branched chain amino acids” along with leucine and valine. Since it is an essential amino acid it cannot be synthesized in the body and thus isoleucine has to be ingested in the diet (almonds, chicken, eggs, cashews, fish, lentils, liver, meat etc.). Isoleucine is required for muscle recovery and also for the formation of haemoglobin. Isoleucine also assists in regulating blood sugar levels and energy levels. It is also involved in blood-clot formation. Isoleucine deficiency is present only in those people who are lacking in protein intake. Deficiency may lead to dizziness, fatigue, depression etc. Excessive amounts of isoleucine doesn’t seem to be a problem though it isn’t recommended for those with kidney or liver disease.

L-Carnitine helps to metabolize food into a source of energy to be burned for weight loss purposes.

L-Phenylalanine- The human body needs L-Phenylalanine for survival as it is an essential amino acid. It is found in food items that are rich in protein such as eggs, meat, dairy products, beans and fish. Since the body cannot produce L-Phenylalanine from other chemicals, you need to increase the intake of protein for fulfilling the nutritional needs. L-Phenylalanine is one of the chemical forms of Phenylalanine, an amino acid. It helps in building up of several proteins produced by human body. L-Phenylalanine supplements act as an appetite suppressant as it initiates the release of cholecystokinin, an intestinal hormone. Once this hormone enters the stomach, it signals your brain that you are not hungry anymore. According to experts, you should not take more than 500-1000 mg of L-Phenylalanine per day.

L-Taurine , a semi-essential amino acid found in the heart muscle, central nervous system, white blood cells, and skeletal muscle, may not be as popular as other types of aminos such as glutamine, but is extremely crucial. It is also vital for metabolism. While taurine is made in adults’ bodies, newborns cannot make it. If the body fails to produce it in sufficient quantities, it is possible to correct this deficiency by using L-Taurine supplements. You are likely to get enough taurine if you are a meat eater since it is found in abundance in eggs, meats, fish proteins, and dairy products. Generally, vegetarians and women of all ages are at a greater risk of developing a L-Taurine deficiency. It is possible to treat depression, low sperm count, low sperm motility, high blood pressure, and cirrhosis using this supplement.

Lactoferrin is composed of protein and carbohydrate. It is found in breast milk of mammals, however, Lactoferrin supplement are derived from whey protein. Lactoferrin is highly abundant in the oral cavities where it often comes in contact with viruses and bacteria. Lactoferrin helps fight these pathogens to keep the body healthy and in good condition. Lactoferrin is produced in the mouth and intestinal tract and by the white blood cells. Lactoferrin has the ability to bind itself to iron, making it beneficial to iron-deficient individuals. It also promotes the growth of good bacteria such as lactobacilli and bifidobacteria that aids in the intestinal and digestive health, and in inhibiting gut inflammation. It also acts as antioxidant, fighting the damaging effects of free radicals.

Leucine is an essential amino acid that works together with isoleucine and valine, forming the three branched chain amino acids (BCAA). Leucine is easily converted by to body to glucose, helping to regulate and maintain the blood sugar level. Leucine promotes muscle recovery, muscle repair and provides the body with energy. It also helps in burning fat that are least responsive to exercise and dieting. Leucine helps in toning the body and the muscles. Leucine prevents muscle loss by breaking down and converting to glucose, this prevents the body from breaking down muscle tissues to create energy, particularly during intense workouts and heavy weight lifting.

Lysine

Magnesium is essential to all living cells and is a vital component to a healthy diet. Calcium absorption for the body largely depends on magnesium to facilitate this.

Magnesium Oxide has many benefits. Magnesium is a naturally occurring element in the body. Magnesium Oxide is sometimes used as an antacid to relieve sour stomach, heartburn, or acid indigestion. It is also sometimes used as a laxative. It is able to clean the intestinal tract that encourages healthy, aerobic bacteria that inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria and fungi. Magnesium Oxide also has the ability to hydrate. It also fights chronic fatigue, as it increases the energy supply. It takes care of the bone and the nerves. It also helps in regulating the blood sugar level and blood pressure. It also helps in keeping the tooth enamel healthy.

Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT) is a fatty acid essential for a variety of metabolic development. MCT, which stands for medium chain triglycerides, is used for curing patients suffering from mal-absorption syndromes or malnutrition. MCT are short in length does not need bile salts for digestion and the energy for utilization, storage and absorption. They are water-soluble and get absorbed quickly by the bloodstream and easily transported into the liver. Palm kernel oils and coconut oil are rich in MCT. Since only a tiny percent of it gets transformed into body fat, it aids weight loss provided the diet one consumes contains half the calories from MCT. Fatty acids present in MCT are known as medium chain fatty acids, some of them are capric acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid and lauric acid

Methionine is an a-amino acid classified in the non polar group of amino acids. All amino acids have a basic structure in which there is a central carbon atom, attached with the amine, carboxyl, and functional groups as side chains and also a hydrogen atom. Only the functional group varies in different amino acids and the properties, and thus the importance of the amino acids varies according to the functional groups. Methionine has a non polar thioether group as its functional group. Most of the advantages of methionine are based on the fact that the body can convert it into very useful substances. On its own, it is a potent antioxidant and helps in the breakdown of fat. When converted to creatine monohydrate, it helps muscle building.

Micellar Casein is an indentured form of casein isolated from ordinary casein protein. It is produced from milk by means of ultra filtration, without the use of chemicals. Research shows that Micellar casein is an extremely slow digesting protein that offers prolonged 7 hour absorption; studies relate prolonged absorption to increased protein synthesis and reduced muscle breakdown. It is preferred over whey because it provides muscles with protein over a long period of time; therefore, more protein is absorbed and used by the muscle. Since it is produced without the use of chemicals it contains more bioactive milk peptides that support immune function as well as enhance muscle growth.

Niacin, also called Vitamin B3, is a water-soluble vitamin needed for the conversion of food into energy so that it may be used by the body. Niacin also helps metabolize protein, sugar and fat.

Niacinamide, also known as Nicotinamide is water-soluble and usually found in Vitamin B3. It is normally seen in different dietary supplements as well as energy medications. One good thing about the Niacinamide is that compared to other water soluble vitamins, it does not contain any harmful effects such as flushing or even skin irritations. Niacinamide also has an anti-inflammatory property, because of this, Niacinamide is also being used to cure acne and other kinds of skin diseases. It can either be taken orally, or some kinds of medications include this in their formula as a topical cream or even as a topical gel.

Pantothenic Acid is thought to reduce lactic acid accumulation in athletes, may improve oxygen utilization efficiency, and is believed to improve the body's ability to heal and possibly help in reducing acne

Phosphate (Phosphorus) is a chemical element that is found in the periodic table with the atomic number fifteen. As a high reactive element, it is not found in clean form as a free element in nature. It is one of the most important and essential elements in the human body, being found in phospholipids that form all the membranes of cells, the DNA, the RNA and also the ATP. Cellular energy is being transported by phosphate in form of adenosine triphosphate, calcium phosphate, which are salts, are responsible for the stiffness of bones. In the average human, the amount of phosphorus in weight would be about one kilogram, whereby most of it is in form of apatite and found in teeth and bones. The daily consumption of phosphorus through dietary means is estimated at about one to three grams.

Potassium Iodide consists of the potassium in salt form of iodide. It is commonly used as an additive in iodized table salt. Potassium iodide is also known to protect the thyroid from radio-active isotopes, reducing the risk of thyroid cancer in individuals exposed to radioactive iodine. It is also able to stimulate salivary glands that helps loosen the mucus produced in the respiratory tract caused by respiratory problems such as bronchitis or asthma. It helps in treating coughs and is an effective expectorant. It also prevents hypothyroidism caused by iodine deficiency. It may also be administered before thyroid surgeries to prepare the gland for the surgery.

Proline is an amino acid. The body has the capability to produce Proline with glutamic acid. Proline works well with vitamin C, which make it more potent. It helps particularly in maintaining and repairing damaged tissues, skin and muscle. It heals damaged cartilage, and helps maintaining flexible joints. It benefits parts of the body where collagen is found, such as blood vessels, tendons, skin, bones, and including the eye. It prevents and reduces the sagging, wrinkling and aging of skin. It ensures that the body has the proper supply of collagen, guarding it against future joint and spine problems. It also enhances the immune system.

Pyridoxine Hydrochloride.

Riboflavin, an easily absorbed micronutrient, is also known by the name of Vitamin B2. It plays a key role in maintaining the health of animals as well as humans. A wide variety if cellular processes require this vitamin. It plays a key role in energy metabolism, just like other B vitamins. It is the kind of micronutrient which required for the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, fats and ketone bodies. There are a lot of food products that are a good source of Vitamin B2. Matured soybeans, yeast, mushroom, livers, kidneys, leafy vegetables, milk, cheese, almonds are such products that are rich in this vitamin. But riboflavin does get destroyed if exposed to light. Riboflavin is a non toxic vitamin. Hence, there is no harm in taking it orally.

Serine is a non-essential proteinogenic amino acid that occurs naturally in the body. It is derived from the metabolite glycine. It is important to overall health, both physical and mental, as well as the proper functioning of the brain and central nervous system. It is an important factor to the biosynthesis of purines and pyrimidines, which directly affects the body’s metabolic rate. Serine forms the phospholipids that are needed to make cells in the body. Promotion of a healthy immune system is also one of serine’s benefits, as it produces immunoglobulins and antibodies. Serine produces trypophan which is an amino acid that is used to make serotonin.

Silicon Dioxide.

Sodium Caseinate- Also called casein, sodium caseinate is the most common phosphoprotein accounting for approximately 80 percent of proteins in cow milk and cheese. It contains a high number of proline peptides that do not interact. Sodium caseinate can help make teeth strong, reducing decay. It strengthens the immune system. It has the ability of forming a gel or clot in the stomach, making it very efficient in nutrient supply. The clot ensures a sustained, slow release of amino acids into blood stream, providing better nitrogen retention and use by the body. Sodium caseinate has been documented to break down to yield casomorphin, an opioid which acts mainly as a histamine releaser. Casomorphin aggravates symptoms of austism.

Sodium Phosphate is a phosphate supplement. It does not function as a potassium supplement. It aids in the building of strong bones and teeth (with calcium). Also known to Promote energy metabolism and promote growth, maintenance and repair of all body tissues. Sodium Phosphate buffers body fluids for acid-base balance and acidifies urine and reduces possibility of kidney stones.

Soy Lecithin- Although lecithin is a word that is derived from the Greek "lekithos" that translates to "yolk of an egg", the biggest source of lecithin is in fact soybean. Lecithin is nothing but a combination of phospholipids that are naturally present in soybeans and is thus an excellent source of choline. In the absence of choline, the cell membranes are bound to become hard preventing any kind of nutrient exchange. Soy lecithin powder can be easily incorporated into your culinary and body care recipes since it acts as an emulsifier, thickener, mild preservative, emollient, moisturizer, and stabilizer. For the same reason, it is used in food as well as cosmetic products alike. Lecithin also plays an important role of moving cholesterol through our bodies and its ability to bind chemically with cholesterol actually helps in reducing cholesterol levels. It also helps in treating neurological disorders, psoriasis, gallstones, diabetes, and anemia.

Sunflower Oil is rich in vitamin E and has low levels of saturated fat. The two most common kinds of sunflower oil are linoleic and high oleic. Linoleic sunflower oil is used for cooking and is rich in necessary fatty acids called polyunsaturated fat. It also has low levels of trans fat. Sunflower oil is also useful in skin protection and maintains moisture in the skin. It is applied as an ingredient in many skin care products. It can also ensure a protective barrier against infection in infants. Sunflower oil has a very good effect on cardiovascular system. It has ample quantities of vitamin E and essential fatty acids the body needs.

Thiamine, also called Vitamin B1 or Thiamin, is needed to help the body utilize energy from proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Thiamine is commonly found in breads and cereals. Thiamine is water-soluble and is concentrated in muscle tissue as it passes thru the body.

Thiamine Mononitrate is a white crystalline powder also known as Betabion Mononitrate and Aneurine Mononitrate. Its Mol.wt is 327.36 and chemical formula is C12H17N5O4S. It is a type of Thiamine (Vitamin B1). Thiamine mono nitrate is used in preparation of many Multivitamin supplements and tablets. Vitamin B1 is an essential factor in human diet and its deficiency can have adverse effects on the cardiovascular and nervous system. Research also shows that deficiency of Vitamin B1 can disturb the normal function of intestines. Thiamine is also an essential ingredient for the biosynthesis of the coenzyme thiamine pyrophosphate which plays an important role in carbohydrate metabolism.

Threonine is an essential amino acid that plays an important role in the function of the body. It helps break down uric acid to be used for the production of purines. It helps prevent illness such as gout, and arthritis. It is also important in the synthesis of the amino acid glycine. Threonine also helps balance the blood sugar level in the body by converting glucose in the liver through gluconeogenesis. Threonine also prevents the accumulation of fatty tissues in the liver. It also improves the immune system. Threonine promotes the production and formation of proteins elastin and collagen that have strong antioxidant properties.

Tryptophan is an essential amino acid that is formed from proteins during digestion by working of proteolytic enzymes. It can help enhance relaxation and improve sleep, soothe nerves and anxiety, relieve minor premenstrual symptoms, and decrease carbohydrate cravings. It is vital for production of serotonin, which is among the important chemicals involved in blood regulation. During depression, the amount of serotonin released from the brain’s nerve cells may decline. Tryptophan, by enhancing serotonin levels in the blood, can increase the antidepressant effects of serotonin. It is essential for production of niachin (B3) and needs, biotin, B6, zinc, and vitamin C to form the enzyme required for conversion. It can relieve fibromyalgia symptoms. It assists in controlling hyperactivity in children, relieving stress, and increasing release of growth hormones essential for production of vitamin B6. It can also help regulate appetite and assist in weight loss.

Tyrosine is a non essential amino acid derived from several sources, including soy, poultry, milk and cheese products, but can also be synthesized in the body from phenylalanine. There are twenty amino acids that are used in human cells to synthesize proteins, one of which is tyrosine. It is of vital importance to the carbon dioxide conversion into organic compounds conducted by plants, the photosynthesis. Tyrosine is also recognized as a precursor to hormones, but also alkaloids and pigments. It is furthermore viewed as a precursor to neurotransmitters; it increases the levels of plasma neurotransmitters, most prominently norepinephrine and dopamine. While under normal circumstances the effects of tyrosine are inconclusive, it has been observed as useful in stress situations and to reduce the effects of a cold, fatigue, sleep deprivation and any kind of prolonged labor.

Valine- One of the several essential amino acids present in the human body is Valine. This is also a nonpolar, branched chain amino acid which is found in high concentrations in the muscles. Since it is an essential amino acid, valine is not synthesised in the body and thus must be ingested as part of the diet. Valine is available through foods like fish, poultry, peanuts, sesame seeds, lentils and cottage cheese. Valine is essential for muscle, growth and repair of tissue and for maintaining the body’s nitrogen balance. Since it has a branched chain, valine can be used as an energy source in the muscles and thus conserves glucose. Hence valine is often used by bodybuilders to support muscle growth and provide energy. A deficiency of valine in the body, caused by the inability of the body to metabolise valine leads to the Maple Syrup Urine Disease in which the person’s urine smells like maple syrup.

Vitamin A is the second Vitamin that was discovered, after Vitamin B. It can be found in several forms, whereby the primary source is the natural retinol derived from animal food sources. Chemically related compounds are called retinoids and are used primarily in medicine and as dietary supplements beta-carotenes. While carotene forms stemming from dietary sources are not toxic, intake of synthetic and natural retinoid forms should be strictly limited. Vitamin A is found naturally in beef, pork, chicken, turkey and fish livers; in the sweet potato, carrot, broccoli leaf, butter, spinach, pumpkin, eggs, papaya, mango, peas, winter squash, apricot, cantaloupe melon and leafy vegetables. Vitamin A is necessary for normal reproductive capabilities, membranes, tissues, skin, eyes, normal tooth and bone development and much more.

Vitamin A Acetate

Vitamin B12 is a potent vitamin that needs only a little amount of dosage to work efficiently. It is sometime referred to as “cobalamin” because of its cobalt contents. It plays an important role in the production of protein from amino acids, maintenance of nervous system, growth and development, and in the production of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). It helps prevent anemia because it promotes the production and formation of healthy red blood cells. It also protects the myelin in the nervous system that enables them to function properly that promotes mental clarity, and prevent memory loss. It is also important in cell replication, and proper metabolism of energy.

Vitamin B6 is important to a healthy human diet and is equally important in various metabolic and synthesis functions as well as gene expression.

Vitamin C is L-ascorbic acid, or the active component of Vitamin C. Ascorbate, which is an ion of the ascorbic acid, is required for many metabolic reactions and is manufactured internally by most organisms, except humans. It is an essential nutrient and needs to be provided through nutrition. While oranges were traditionally deemed a good source of Vitamin C, the amount provided by an orange is dwarfed by the amount provided by the kakadu plum the richest Vitamin C plant resource of the world. Other notable sources are red peppers, parsley, Kiwifruit, Guava, Broccoli, Camu Camu, rose hip, Jujube, papaya, strawberries, lemon, melon and similar. Vitamin C is essential for tyrosine, carnitine and collagen synthesis, is the most widely available antioxidant and furthermore is vital for blood vessels, cartilage and scar tissue.

Vitamin D- The fast soluble vitamin D is perhaps the most underrated nutrient that is produced when sunlight touches the skin. But it is extremely vital for bone health, as without it the body cannot absorb the calcium that you may provide it in the form of supplements. With the advent of beauty products with high sun protection factor, this nutrient is becoming less available to our bodies. Even weaker sunscreens with just SPF-8 prevent the body considerably from producing vitamin D. Diseases such as arthritis, diabetes, certain cancers, multiple sclerosis, and even schizophrenia may stem from deficiency of this vitamin. You can provide vitamin D to your body through supplements and foods like mushrooms, tuna, eggs, dark green leafy vegetables, salmon, sardines, mackerel, fortified dairy products and cereals, yoghurt, and milk.

Vitamin E is the name for a group of tocopherols and tocotrienols that are soluble in fat and display antioxidant properties. The most important vitamin out of this group is alpha tocopherol, which professes the highest bioavailability, and therefore, was the most studied Vitamin E. Found in such foods as nuts, seeds, milk, wheat germ and most vegetable oils, this Vitamin is said to be perhaps the most important antioxidant in human nourishment, although this trait is not deemed the imperative reason why Vitamin E is required to be in every diet. Most clinical studies which were supposed to crown Vitamin E as the prevention from prostate cancer or cardiovascular wonder supplement have been either inconclusive or were discontinued due to poor results. Vitamin E deficiency results in neurological and neuromuscular problems, but also in failure to absorb fat.

Vitamin E Acetate, also known as tocopheryl acetate, is often found in skin care lotions and creams. This powerful antioxidant increases skins moisture and protects against harmful free radicals like the sun's ultraviolet rays. It also protects against oxidation of body fats which can cause heart disease. This soluble vitamin is considered essential for stabilizing biological membranes especially those with high amounts of fatty acids. When vitamin e is added to cosmetics it protects the skin and hair against harmful chemicals.

Xanthan Gum is used in cosmetics to stabilize and bind products. Cosmetic companies add a very small amount to their products to keep the individual ingredients from separating. Xanthan gum is composed of glucose,mannose and glucuronic acid. It is often used in recipes in place of gelatin by people with food allergies or for people who are omitting dairy, eggs and soy from their diets.

Zinc is acknowledged as essential to the human organism. It is a trace element found in over a hundred and up to three hundred enzymes. It is the second most important mineral in the body, after iron. Zinc is also defined as an important catalytic agent, which is active in enzymatic reactions such as hydroxilation, which is essential for the protein forming amino acid proline, but also for hypoxia response. Zinc is naturally found in red meat, milk, spinach, nuts, oysters, beans and oats. Low zinc counts can attribute to a weakened immune system, interfere with muscle building, cause diarrhea and all kind of other deficiencies. In body building circles, Zinc is an important supplement, valued for the indirect increment of testosterone and the muscle building role.

Zinc Oxide combines a molecule of oxygen with a molecule of zinc. This creates an opaque compound that reflects and scatters light. It is often found in a wide range of cosmetic products due to this ability. Zinc oxide also neutralizes acid. It is also used as a mild anti bacterial, which makes it a good choice in reducing redness and soreness. Zinc oxide is often used as a food additive to supply zinc to the body.