Beta-Alanine is an amino acid and occurs naturally as beta amino acid. The dietary source for beta alanine is obtainable by ingesting sources containing dipeptides and this is obtainable in protein rich foods namely pork, chicken, fish and beef. By ingesting such dipeptide only beta alanine is received in plenty. However, besides the dietary source, bodies can as well synthesize the beta alanine in the liver. Beta alanine increases the muscle mass, muscular strength as well as the anaerobic endurance. Alpha alanine is commonly found in meat, plants, eggs, chicken and dairy products, but the beta alanine is not available so conveniently. Beta alanine is also called sometimes as three aminopropionic acid. Beta alanine helps in promoting the high concentrations of intramuscular carnosine and does not support the protein synthesis as well as enzyme production. Beta alanine sustains optimum output in muscle power and in promoting the body weight. It also promotes high energy levels.

Betaine was named this due to the source it was discovered in, Beta vulgaris or sugar beets, is an organic compound that is deemed related to trimethylaminoethanol, or choline. To diversify it from other betaines, trimethylglycine is often called glycine betaine as well. Humans generally ingest betaine through their diet, because it is high in content in wheat, whole wheat, shellfish, sugar beets and spinach. It can also be formed in the human body out of choline. As a potential methyl donor, trimethylglycine, or TMG for short, is in the same provider group with Vitamin B12, the folic acid, choline and S-adenosyl methionine, or SAMe. TMG also plays a vital function in the production of carnitine, furthermore it works in protecting kidneys and the liver.

Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant that temporarily wards off drowsiness and boosts alertness and energy.

Calcium, a mineral vital to the human body, Calcium is necessary for many bodily functions, such as muscle contraction, and proper heart function.

Choline is a water soluble essential nutrient of every human cell which belongs to the Vitamin B family. It helps in the transfer of fat-based nutrients and waste from the cells. It plays a vital role in maintaining mental health and is used in treating brain disorders and Alzheimer’s disease. It assists the transfer of messages to and from the nerves and reduces inflammation. A choline deficiency results in insomnia, problems with memory, fatigue, nerve-muscle problems, inability of the kidneys to concentrate urine properly, accumulation of fats in the body, cardio vascular and liver problems. Wheat germ, soy products, cauliflower, peanuts, oats, potatoes, lentils, flax and sesame seeds are rich in choline. It is also found in egg yolks, veal, chicken, beef and turkey livers.

Citrulline is an a-amino acid. Its chemical formula is H2NC(O)NH(CH2)3CH(NH2)CO2H. It is a key intermediate in the urea cycle, the pathway by which mammals excrete ammonia. Commercially it is synthesized by many different processes and naturally it is found in significant quantity in rind of watermelon. Some recent studies show that use of citrulline relaxes blood vessels. It is also sold as a supplement in the form of citrulline malate for athletes to reduce muscle fatigue; these supplements are shown to be effective in preliminary clinical trials. In some studies it is found that patients with arthritis have detectable antibodies against proteins containing citrulline.

Creatine Ethyl Ester is an organic compound formed by the reaction of alcohols and carboxylic acid. The standard creatine monohydrate is effective in increasing the muscle strength, lean muscle and endurance. Creatine ethyl ester is absorbed by the ability of the cells as the body does not absorb it properly. This is the reason that creatine is taken in large dosages. Creatine ethyl ester is a monohydrate associated with ester. This ester has the significance as it is found in the animals fat tissue. Creatine supplements are blended with protein powder. However, if it is taken for a longer period, the body stops producing it naturally and completely depends on the supplement. The creatine monohydrate shows no reports having side effects. Women also take creatine, but consulting the doctor is recommended. Ethyl ester decreases the amount of retained water as it is made with typical fatty acids that occur naturally. Hence, less creatine is stored as water weight out of the nutrient pocket.

Creatine Monohydrate is an organic acid that is naturally found in humans. First discovered in 1832, the primary function of creatine monohydrate is to help in supplying energy to the muscles. About half of the stored creatine monohydrate in the body comes from food sources, mostly meat. Vegetarians tend to show lower levels of creatine monohydrate since vegetables don’t contain this acid. However since meat tends to contain high levels of saturated fat which is not good for the heart, one way in which creatine monohydrate can be made available is through supplements. In fact many body builders take creatine supplements to help in increasing muscle mass. Creatine monohydrate has also been shown to cause slight increase in strength in those with neuromuscular disorders and is now being considered as a therapy for several diseases like Parkinson’s, Huntington’s etc. especially because it is considered safe and so far has exhibited no side effects.

Di-Creatine Malate is a compound made up of creatine salt that is bonded together with malic acid. It increases the availability of creatine in the body; this ensures the efficient absorption and use of creatine. The compound results in a greater production and quick replenishment of adenosine triphosphate or ATP. It helps in increasing strength in the cellular level that allows the production of explosive bursts of power. It also aids in increasing endurance by acting as lactic acid buffer. Di-Creatine Malate helps in the formation of muscle mass, decrease fat tissue, and improves cell volume. It also does not cause upset the stomach because it is easily absorbed by the intestine.

Glucuronolactone is formed in the body by the liver and well known for its supply of energy and provides an increased feeling of well being in the body. It also improves time taken in reaction to different stimuli, improves memory and concentration power and overall grey cell performance. Glucuronolactone is a natural detoxifying agent that helps to get rid of harmful substances from the body by making them water soluble. Being an important component of most connective tissues in animals, Glucuronolactone supplements help in the cure of arthritis. Being a popular ingredient in most energy drinks, Glucuronolactone reduces sleepiness and driving mishaps that are sleep related. Rumors state that Glucuronolactone was initially banned by the US Government.

Glycocyamine was sought after because as much as a quarter of the world’s population is unable to supplement creatine, more accurately, the supplementation of regular creatine monohydrate had no effect whatsoever. Glycocyamine is a creatine metabolite, missing just a methyl group. Glycocyamine is guanidinoacetic acid and creatine is methylguanidinoacetic acid. Interestingly enough, glycocyamine is processed by the liver and metabolized into creatine, which allowed the rest of the world to supplement creatine as well. Unfortunately the supplementation of glycocyamine also meant that many methyl groups otherwise needed by the body would be now used up by the synthesis of creatine. For that reason it is generally recommended to supplement glycocyamine together with betaine, in order to provide enough methyl groups for all purposes. The commonly suggested ration is four parts betaine, one part glycocyamine, hence a four to one ratio.

L-Tyrosine is a proteinogenic polar amino acid, deemed not essential because it can be synthesized by the human body. As a member of the amino acid group that is being used by cells to build proteins, this building block derived its name from the Greek word tyros, which means cheese, because it was discovered in the cheese protein casein. L-Tyrosine can be synthesized from phenylalanine and can be found in foods high on protein, like soy products, poultry, cheese, bananas, dairy products and several seeds, including the sesame seeds. The unique phenol functionality and the occurrence in proteins that belong to the signal transduction process, make this amino acid different. Tyrosine can be converted by tyrosine hydroxylase enzyme into levodopa, a psychoactive drug that is used, among other uses, for clinical treatment of Parkinson’s disease. It is also involved in the synthesis of dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine.

Magnesium, which is a mineral used by the body to help maintain muscles, bones, and nerves. Magnesium is also needed for energy metabolism and protein synthesis.

Potassium, a mineral that is quite common in our food. Potassium is needed for proper muscle growth, nervous system and brain function and to help balance the PH of our bodies.

Sodium is the element that has the atomic number 11 in the periodic table and is commonly known as the main component in the table salt, together with chloride. Interestingly enough, it is probably the one dietary component which does require limitation rather than supplementation, since that average daily nutritional requirement is around half a gram per day. This most popular food seasoning, salt, is providing the most common source of sodium and chloride in human diets, but is generally overused and may cause health problems, such as high blood pressure, if consumed overly generously. The suggested dose of table salt, or rather the upper limit portion, would be somewhat less than 6 gram per day, according to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, referenced by FDA. In the UK this limit is set at four grams per day.

Taurine is an amino acid found within muscle tissue. It is the second most abundant amino acid found in the body.

Vinpocetine is available in capsule form. Vinpocetine has certain properties which helps move the right amount of blood to the brain from the body. It also enhances certain components of the body. The advantage of consuming this natural substance is it helps oxygen and blood flow to the brain, this helps overcome obstacles which form in the eyes. Many diagnosed with eye disorders that have an impact on the overall eyesight have successfully recovered after using this natural extract. It eliminates cognitive impairments which cause low metabolism, dangerous clots and memory loss. Ingestion of Vinpocetine seems to have a positive correlation with the healing of Tinnitus – the buzzing or ringing sensation in the ear, which is mainly caused due to the disruption of natural blood flow through the entire body. It greatly helps optimize your overall health conditions. Vinpocetine mainly contains the extract from the popular periwinkle plant.

Vitamin B1 is a water-soluble vitamin with no known toxic effects if taken with other members of the vitamin B complex. Thiamine is essential to a strong appetite and to enable the body to use sugars and other carbohydrates.

Vitamin B12- Also called Riboflavin, B2 is a water absorbed vitamin of which the body must replenish its supplies each day as it cannot be stored. It is necessary for the production of red blood cells and, like the other B vitamins, it works at supporting it supports energy production by helping in the metabolism of various foods.B2 is required for healthy skin as well as hair growth, the nails and has a role in regulating the activity of the thyroid gland. It is also necessary in order that the body can process amino acids found in proteins and fats and to activate vitamin B6 and folic acid.

Vitamin B2 is a water-soluble vitamin with no known toxic effects. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) is necessary in the oxidative process of metabolism. It is also sometimes used to correct certain enzyme deficiencies and improve mental processes.

Vitamin B3 is also known as Niacin or nicotinic acid. It helps in the conversion of carbohydrates into glucose that serves as fuel for energy. It also helps the body in metabolizing fats and proteins. Niacin also helps in the production of hormones necessary for the body to function properly. It is also effective in improving the circulation in the body. It lowers cholesterol, triglycerides and blood sugar level. It also helps in the treatment of coronary artery disease. It also helps in regulating the blood sugar level. Niacin also helps prevent the Pellagra disease, which causes digestive problems, diarrhea, dermatitis, hyper-pigmentation, amnesia, dementia, delirium, and even death. Niacin also helps prevent Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, and is also effective in treating acne.

Vitamin B5 is also called Pantothenic Acid . It is a water soluble type of Vitamin B and an essential nutrient for life. Pantothenic acid is critical in the metabolism and synthesis of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. It is used in some hair and skin care products . Pantothenic acid supplements are used to fulfill vitamin deficiency. Research also shows that these supplements reduce the duration of morning stiffness, degree of disability, and pain severity in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Vitamin B6- There are three traditionally considered forms of vitamin B6: pyridoxal (PL), pyridoxine (PN), pyridoxamine (PM). The phosphate ester (PLP) has a leading role in metabolism of human body. It is obtained from the diet since humans cannot manufacture it. PLP is crucial in over 100 enzymes that enable important chemical reactions in the human body. In the brain, the manufacture of neurotransmitters like serotonin from tryptophan is made possible by PLP. PLP is also a coenzyme in the production of the iron coating component of hemoglobin called heme. Signs of vitamin B6 deficiency include irritability, depression and confusion, inflammation of the tongue, sores or ulcers of the mouth and the skin at the corner of the mouth.

Vitamin B9 or Folic Acid, is essential as it assists the formation of red blood cells in the body and genetic material within every cell. It helps in metabolism of proteins and prevention of anemia and is vital for cell growth and division. Folic acid is an important nutrient for pregnant women to prevent congenital malformation in the fetus. It reduces the risk of brain and spinal cord defects, heart defects, limb defects, urinary tract abnormalities and cleft palate in the fetus. It is highly beneficial if taken prior to and during the first month after conception. In men, folic acid reduces chromosomal defects in the sperm. Spinach, lettuce, peas, beans, sunflower seeds, asparagus, baker’s yeast, fortified cereal products and liver are rich in folic acid.

Zinc is a mineral that is present in every cell in the body. It is good for maintaining a healthy skin. It promotes healing of wounds such as bed sores, skin sore, and canker sores. It may also act as an astringent and aid in the treatment of acne. Zinc improves the immune system by activating white blood cells to fight against infections, virus, and even cancers. Zinc is also beneficial in improving the health of prostate gland and protects it against inflammation and infection. It also helps improve the brain functions such as memory retention. It also helps in the production of testosterone that improves libido, prevents low sperm count. It may also help in the formation and development of muscles.